Distillation Experiment

Today we are doing a Distillation experiment which includes Evaporation + Condensation. Evaporation is when liquid is turned into gas using heat in this experiment this is used to make a solid like the last experiment (Separating a mixture using evaporation). Condensation is when gas is turned into a liquid which his cooling the energy. Combined together this is called Distillation.

Aim: to separate a solution (Coke/Coke Zero) to form a solid + a Liquid.

Hypothesis: I think by evaporating the coke method. That both cokes will turn into a clear colour and make one of the coke a solid and liquid in the boiling tube because of the Distillation.

Using classic coke

Observations: Our observation was that when the coke started boiling. The steam from the gas bubbles started going through the tube into the boiling tube (evaporation). When the steam went into the boiling tube, the beaker full of ice went under the boiling tube and it started cooling/condensing the gas, making the gas turn to liquid again, but this time the liquid was more clear than coke. After the coke turned into a sludge-like material. This is Distillation.

Conclusion: My hypothesis was kind of correct I think. What happened was that the bunsen burner was making the flask full of coke boil. Then the gas bubbles started making steam then the tube started bringing the gas towards to boiling tube with the ice then condensing the gas    

Separating a Mixture using Evaporation

Solute: Solid - Copper Sulfate

Solvent: Liquid - Water

A Solution is when a solid is dissolved into a liquid.

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Aim: To find out what will happen to the Copper Sulfate

Hypothesis: I think that the Solute (Copper Sulfate Solution) will be dissolved because of the heat and it will be turned into a liquid instead of a solid since its being evaporated. The way we are doing this is basically the way on how to cook dumplings.

Equipment: Copper Sulfate Solution, 250mL Beaker, heatproof mat, evaporating basin, element.

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At the start of the experiment we started with a solution which is Copper Sulfate. Then we put 100mL of water (Solvent) into a beacker and we got a tiny bowl that's fits over the beacker and poured a quarter of Copper Sulfate into the tiny bowl. Next we put the beacker that has the tiny bowl over it, onto a element and turned it on. After that we observed it until it was boiling. When it was boiling we could see that the heat  has been evaportaing the water in the Copper Sulfate and leaving the solute there which is the crystals.   

My hypothesis is incorrect since I did not notice that the boiling water would evaporate the water in the Copper Sulfate. 

I kinda liked this experiment since it was something new and learning these types of things can be a little hard but if you understand them more you start learning about them more frequently. 

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Dilution Experiment

Definition of Dilution: Making something less concentrated. There will be less particles in the liquid.

A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute.

Filtration Experiment

Aim: Separate a mixture we have made using filtration.

Hypothesis: By filtrating, the mixture, which they are both liquids( Copper Sulfate & Sodium carbonate), the liquid will turn pale blue, it will not separate because they got the same size particles.

METHOD:

1. Pour approximately 50mL of Copper Sulfate solution into a beaker.

2. Add the same volume of sodium carbonate solution. A reaction will happen, you should see a cloudy blue precipitate form called copper carbonate.

 

3.fold filter paper to fit inside the funnel

4. Place the funnel with the filter paper inside of it, into the mouth of a conical flask.

 

5. we Stirred the mixture in the beaker, then carefully pour it into the funnel. 

6. Observe what happened.

(Hypothesis is wrong)

Results: We started with clear and light blue chemicals that were both see-through, then we mixed them and they went to a non-see-through solid in the water. Then we filtered them and we waited for the filtration to happen and finally, we saw that it made a clear liquid the non-see-through part was a solid, filtering it removed the solid which is the copper carbonate. Why did this happen? This happened because the copper carbonate was mixed into the Sodium Carbonate, which then has made the blue solid precipitate. After Filtrating the combined mixture the Sodium Carbonate has been separated from the Copper Sulfate because the Copper Sulfate has been turned into a solid. making the Copper Sulfate go down the funnel.

Copper Sulfate + Sodium Carbonate ----> Copper Carbonate + Sodium Sulfate + Sodium Sulfate.

                                                                   Insoluble

Mixtures & Dissolving

Today in chemicals we did an experiment that involves mixing & dissolving, But we must know what mixing & dissolving is. So basically two substances that are evenly mixed together. One of them is called the solute and the other is the solvent. A solute is a substance that can be dissolved (sugar) and the solvent is the one doing the dissolving (water)

On to the experiment we had 2 beakers (one large/one small)  one was to store the sugar and the other one was to hold cold water and hot water, also we had a spatula to put the sugar in the beaker. Our aim was to see how fast the sugar will dissolve into the water. Also, a reminder that there are multiple groups doing this experiment as well.

First, we had filled the large beaker with 50ml's of cold water. Then with the spatula, we put sugar in the beaker that was filled with cold water then stirred it. We also had to use a timer as soon as we put the sugar in and until it has fully dissolved we had to stop the timer to get our results. Our result was 59 seconds but the average result for this is 54 seconds. Then we did the same thing but with hot water and it went quicker than usual since the hot water was making the sugar make more space between them, and then our result was 25 seconds but the average time was 29.75 seconds.

We did the same thing again but without stirring the water, and our results for this are 90 seconds also with hot water but the average result was 76.2 seconds. Then we did the same thing again but with cold water and our results were 360 seconds and the average result was 136.8 seconds

Stop motion film

 In chemicals we were assigned to do a stop motion slide on how Convection, Contraction, and Conduction 

My one is Contraction

(Tip hold down right arrow key) while playing the slide  

Can Experiment

Today at chemicals we did a science experiment on a sprite can. 

Aim: To see what happens when you put a heated can in cold water.

Hypothesis: My hypothesis was that the can was gonna scrunch up.

We had hot water in a sprite can and cold water in an ice cream container. Then we put the can, filled with hot water in it on a stove to heat the can and water even more. Next, we put the can on the stove we waited till it was steaming hot. After it was steaming we put the water in cold water and we saw that the can has been crunched up. 

So what happened was that the can was filled up with hot water and was getting heated up at the same time because of the stove, making it so the particles were fast. Then the water was evaporating in the can making gas. As the cold water entered the can the fast-moving particles were then slowed down because of the cold water, causing the gas and hot water to contract to make the can crunched up.

I've done this experiment in my last school that's why my hypothesis was right.

Particle Theory

Today we have been learning about the Particle Theory in chemicals 

Particles in a solid have no space and vibrate. Particles in a liquid have no shape but volume. Particles in a gas have no shape and no volume.

and here are the six rules of the Particle Theory

• All matter is made up of particles
• All particles in a pure substance are the same
• There is space between all particles
• Particles are always moving
• There are attractive forces between particles
• Temperature affects the speed at which particles move

Diffusion: movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration. So the temperature affects the speed of particles.

eg: Smelly feet for warm heat and cold = non-smelly feet

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Science experiment

My hypothesis is that the Potassium permanganate will spread in warm water faster than the cold water because it makes the particles fast while the cold water makes it slower.

Potassium permanganate in cold water it spreads slow and in warm water, it was faster than the cold water because the hot temperature makes is so that the particles go faster.

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